Cavingin definition and meaning collins english dictionary. Sublevel caving pdf search engine, free search, pdf download. For sublevel stoping the ore body and walls should be strong enough to support open stoping. All english words that begin with c related terms of cavingin. Sub level caving by jose cifuentes orellana on prezi. The second section describes underground mining equipment, with particular focus on excavation machinery such as boomheaders, coal cutters, continuous miners and shearers. Sublevel caving slc block caving bc front caving fc.
The uniformly distributed nature of generally 5mx3. Gravity flow of blasted ore and caved waste in sublevel caving is a process more complicated than that which is used in bin flow. Includes tools to help optimize production targets at draw points. Description download block caving geomechanics s free in pdf format. A few swedish metalliferous mines operate sublevel caving already today at depths of over 700 m below ground level. Descargue como doc, pdf, txt o lea en linea desde scribd. The australian centre for geomechanics looks forward to hosting the fourth international symposium on block and sublevel caving in. Schedules production for block, panel and sublevel caving capabilities. The mining has been continuously improved and further developed to suit the difficult. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site.
Apart, blasting pattern used has also plays very important role. Definition of cavingin from the collins english dictionary. Sublevel caving technique by partha d sharma issuu. Reliable information about the coronavirus covid19 is available from the world health organization current situation, international travel. This follows previous symposia held in santiago in 2014. Parameters influencing full scale sublevel caving material. This material is intended for use in lectures, presentations and as handouts to students, and is provided in power point format so as to allow customization for the individual needs of course instructors. Download as ppt, pdf, txt or read online from scribd. Caving underground mining methods longwall, sublevel. About copper mining and mining photo from copper mines in india by n g nair manager mines malanjkhand copper project. An assessment of dilution in sublevel caving at kazansi mine article pdf available in international journal of mining and mineral engineering 41. Sub level caving method block caving mining engineer.
Block caving en espanol mineria roca geologia scribd. After more than 30 years of open pit mining, rana gruber as started underground mining using the sublevel open stoping method at the kvannevann mine in 2000. Longwall longwall in coal longwall in hard rock sublevel caving characteristics of the ore body and mining method development production equipments used block caving introduction historical. Fourth international symposium on block and sublevel caving. A guide to responsible caving indiana university bloomington. Sublevel caving mining method newtrax technologies inc. Sublevel caving is usually carried out when mining of the orebody through an open pit method is no longer economically feasible. Caving models simulate cave flow for the lifeofmine of a caving operation for several outcomes such as recovery, dilution and production scheduling. Cave mining methods will be the underground method of choice in the future.
Sublevel caving explotacion en mineria subterranea. The caved waste from the overlying rock mass fills the void created by ore. Hard rock mining all of petras operations are mining hard rock kimberlite pipe diamond orebodies, as opposed to alluvial deposits i. What is the difference between sublevel stopping and. Oclcs webjunction has pulled together information and resources to assist library staff as they consider how to handle coronavirus. Block caving was a natural outgrowth of sublevel caving. Informacion curso introduccion al diseno minero en block caving. The block model is discretized to blocks of a userdefined size. Mechanized under ground mines, mechanized open pit mines. Rock blasting in underground mining pdf free download.
Last, blasting in sublevel caving in the future will be discussed. Block caving mining method 101 newtrax technologies inc. The sublevel caving technique evolved out of topslicing in the early part of the 20th century. Sublevel caving sublevel caving is sometimes used where large open pit mining operations transition to underground extraction methods, although it is often used for. Sublevel caving article about sublevel caving by the. Jan blachowski 1 and steinar ellefmo 2 1 institute of mining engineering, wroclaw university of technology, pl. Both theoretical and practical points of view indicate a positive answer. This is the fourth and completely revised edition of my original booklet, a guide to responsible caving. The method functions on the principle that ore is fragmented by blasting, while the overlying host rock fractures and caves under the action of mineinduced stresses and gravity. A stoping method in which relatively thin blocks of ore are caused to cave by successively undermining small panels. However, the development time before production starts is longer compared to other mining methods. The ore deposit is developed by a series of sublevels spaced at vertical intervals of 18 to 25 ft or 30 ft 5. Pdf an assessment of dilution in sublevel caving at. Sub level caving djfkd djfid djdfio d dijfdijf docsity.
Sublevel caving is one of many different methods for underground hard rock mining. There are over 45 cave mining projects in various stages of studies and development around the world. The second half of the name derives from the caving of the hanging wall and. Advantages of sublevel caving selective mining of weak medium strength ore bodies in weak rock.
The question whether sublevel caving is practicable even at greater depths below ground level has often been discussed. A special thank you to my fellow cavers for their hard work and dedication. This method owes the first part of its name to the fact that work is carried out on many intermediate levels that is, sublevels between the main levels. In any discussion of methods of underground mining comparison, one is repeatedly confronted with the difficulty of dealing with so many variable conditions. The geometry, dimensions, and even operational constraints of sublevel caving cannot be selected at random but must be planned while respecting the characteristics of gravity flow of coarse materials. The modern sublevel caving was possibly developed in. Sublevel caving is a relatively safe mining method since the operations take place in small areas at a time and are highly mechanized. Sublevel caving slc is a mass mining method based upon the utilisation of gravity flow of blasted ore and caved waste rock. Teatralny 2, 50051 wroclaw, poland 2 department of geology and mineral resources engineering, norwegian university of science and technology. It is a largescale mining method suitable for large ore bodies with a steep dip and a rock mass with a host rock in the hanging wall will fracture under controlled conditions.
Numerous and frequentlyupdated resource results are available from this search. Block caving is largescale mining method that allows for huge volumes of rock to be extracted efficiently. In this method, the ore is excavated in open stopes, retreating from one end of the stope toward the other. The australian centre for geomechanics looks forward to hosting the fourth international symposium on block and sublevel caving in vancouver in october 2018. Practical considerations and modelling of the sublevel caving exploitation tinyag in peru conference paper pdf available july 2008 with 493 reads how we measure reads. Traditional mining methods for hangingwall orebody include surface mining and backfill stoping method such as that in the fenghuangshan iron mine of china and the kidd creek zinccopper mine of canada, the sublevel caving method such as that in the yeshan iron mine and the longshou mine of china, and the sublevel open stoping and caving mining method such as that used by liu et al. Design and operation of caving and sublevel stoping mines.
1373 555 449 1586 1179 277 1232 883 184 107 1132 1420 415 181 672 176 1230 1462 447 1358 882 546 1022 618 359 479 478 407 1402 1189 986 533 1240 565 274 244 1278 432